{"id":500,"date":"2021-07-04T23:52:40","date_gmt":"2021-07-05T05:52:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpsites.ucalgary.ca\/musiani-lab\/?page_id=500"},"modified":"2021-09-06T22:42:23","modified_gmt":"2021-09-07T04:42:23","slug":"about_us","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/wpsites.ucalgary.ca\/musiani-lab\/about_us\/","title":{"rendered":"About us"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"500\" class=\"elementor elementor-500\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5994b03 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"5994b03\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;shape_divider_bottom&quot;:&quot;curve-asymmetrical&quot;,&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;shape_divider_bottom_negative&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shape elementor-shape-bottom\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-negative=\"true\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 100\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\">\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" d=\"M615.2,96.7C240.2,97.8,0,18.9,0,0v100h1000V0C1000,19.2,989.8,96,615.2,96.7z\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2baa6f72\" data-id=\"2baa6f72\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7dabb5b elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"7dabb5b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c40e574 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5c40e574\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">About us<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-462acaa elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"462acaa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>We conduct research on the ecology and evolutionary biology of terrestrial large mammals in western North American landscapes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4032582\" data-id=\"4032582\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-62ab5541 elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-phone elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"62ab5541\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-657592f9 elementor-align-justify elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"657592f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/wpsites.ucalgary.ca\/musiani-lab\/researchers\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">RESEARCHERS<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b299347 elementor-align-right elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"3b299347\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/wpsites.ucalgary.ca\/musiani-lab\/projects\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">PROJECTS<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6dc77f5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6dc77f5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f6c8aa6\" data-id=\"f6c8aa6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22b42c9 elementor-hidden-phone elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"22b42c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">Our contributions<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03ec37e elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"03ec37e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-small\">Our contributions<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-e3a5d26 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e3a5d26\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b6d690e\" data-id=\"b6d690e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d0424f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d0424f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74736a2 elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-phone premium-modal-dismissible-yes elementor-widget elementor-widget-premium-addon-modal-box\" data-id=\"74736a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;premium_modal_box_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInDown&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"premium-addon-modal-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;trigger&quot;:&quot;button&quot;,&quot;show_on_exit&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-trigger-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button data-toggle=\"premium-modal\" data-target=\"#premium-modal-74736a2\" type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-trigger-btn premium-btn-block premium-button-none \" data-text=\"1. HUMANS  &amp; TOP PREDATOR\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"svg-inline--fab-fa-wolf-pack-battalion premium-svg-nodraw\" aria-hidden='true' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg' viewBox='0 0 512 512'><path d=\"M267.73 471.53l10.56 15.84 5.28-12.32 5.28 7V512c21.06-7.92 21.11-66.86 25.51-97.21 4.62-31.89-.88-92.81 81.37-149.11-8.88-23.61-12-49.43-2.64-80.05C421 189 447 196.21 456.43 239.73l-30.35 8.36c11.15 23 17 46.76 13.2 72.14L412 313.18l-6.16 33.43-18.47-7-8.8 33.39-19.35-7 26.39 21.11 8.8-28.15L419 364.2l7-35.63 26.39 14.52c.25-20 7-58.06-8.8-84.45l26.39 5.28c4-22.07-2.38-39.21-7.92-56.74l22.43 9.68c-.44-25.07-29.94-56.79-61.58-58.5-20.22-1.09-56.74-25.17-54.1-51.9 2-19.87 17.45-42.62 43.11-49.7-44 36.51-9.68 67.3 5.28 73.46 4.4-11.44 17.54-69.08 0-130.2-40.39 22.87-89.65 65.1-93.2 147.79l-58 38.71-3.52 93.25L369.78 220l7 7-17.59 3.52-44 38.71-15.84-5.28-28.1 49.25-3.52 119.64 21.11 15.84-32.55 15.84-32.55-15.84 21.11-15.84-3.52-119.64-28.15-49.26-15.84 5.28-44-38.71-17.58-3.51 7-7 107.33 59.82-3.52-93.25-58.06-38.71C185 65.1 135.77 22.87 95.3 0c-17.54 61.12-4.4 118.76 0 130.2 15-6.16 49.26-36.95 5.28-73.46 25.66 7.08 41.15 29.83 43.11 49.7 2.63 26.74-33.88 50.81-54.1 51.9-31.65 1.72-61.15 33.44-61.59 58.51l22.43-9.68c-5.54 17.53-11.91 34.67-7.92 56.74l26.39-5.28c-15.76 26.39-9.05 64.43-8.8 84.45l26.39-14.52 7 35.63 24.63-5.28 8.8 28.15L153.35 366 134 373l-8.8-33.43-18.47 7-6.16-33.43-27.27 7c-3.82-25.38 2-49.1 13.2-72.14l-30.35-8.36c9.4-43.52 35.47-50.77 63.34-54.1 9.36 30.62 6.24 56.45-2.64 80.05 82.25 56.3 76.75 117.23 81.37 149.11 4.4 30.35 4.45 89.29 25.51 97.21v-29.83l5.28-7 5.28 12.32 10.56-15.84 11.44 21.11 11.43-21.1zm79.17-95L331.06 366c7.47-4.36 13.76-8.42 19.35-12.32-.6 7.22-.27 13.84-3.51 22.84zm28.15-49.26c-.4 10.94-.9 21.66-1.76 31.67-7.85-1.86-15.57-3.8-21.11-7 8.24-7.94 15.55-16.32 22.87-24.68zm24.63 5.28c0-13.43-2.05-24.21-5.28-33.43a235 235 0 0 1-18.47 27.27zm3.52-80.94c19.44 12.81 27.8 33.66 29.91 56.3-12.32-4.53-24.63-9.31-36.95-10.56 5.06-12 6.65-28.14 7-45.74zm-1.76-45.74c.81 14.3 1.84 28.82 1.76 42.23 19.22-8.11 29.78-9.72 44-14.08-10.61-18.96-27.2-25.53-45.76-28.16zM165.68 376.52L181.52 366c-7.47-4.36-13.76-8.42-19.35-12.32.6 7.26.27 13.88 3.51 22.88zm-28.15-49.26c.4 10.94.9 21.66 1.76 31.67 7.85-1.86 15.57-3.8 21.11-7-8.24-7.93-15.55-16.31-22.87-24.67zm-24.64 5.28c0-13.43 2-24.21 5.28-33.43a235 235 0 0 0 18.47 27.27zm-3.52-80.94c-19.44 12.81-27.8 33.66-29.91 56.3 12.32-4.53 24.63-9.31 37-10.56-5-12-6.65-28.14-7-45.74zm1.76-45.74c-.81 14.3-1.84 28.82-1.76 42.23-19.22-8.11-29.78-9.72-44-14.08 10.63-18.95 27.23-25.52 45.76-28.15z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-button-text-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>1. HUMANS  &amp; TOP PREDATOR<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<div id=\"premium-modal-74736a2\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal\"\n\t\t\trole=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tstyle=\"display: none\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-dialog\" data-delay-animation=\"\" data-modal-animation=\"fadeInDown animated-fast\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-wolf-pack-battalion\"><\/i>1. DIRECT AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF HUMANS ON A TOP PREDATOR\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-close-button-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-close\" data-dismiss=\"premium-modal\">&times;<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p4\">We documented habitat selection for wolves, and detected the human factors (e.g. industrial activities) influencing wolf movements and predation [1,2]. Forestry may improve habitat for primary prey of wolves (moose, deer), which then increase, incidentally increasing predation on caribou. In addition, wolves may travel more efficiently on linear features, such as roads, seismic lines or trails, especially during the winter, and therefore encounter more caribou. In some jurisdiction, wolves are then controlled by government authorities to alleviate impacts on endangered caribou, with additional impacts including mortality and stress [3].<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p class=\"p4\">1. Muhly*, Johnson, Hebblewhite, Neilson, Fortin, Fryxell, Latham, Arienti, McLoughlin , Merrill , Paquet, Patterson, Schmiegelow , Scurrah, Musiani. (2019). <strong>Functional Response of Wolves to Human Development across Boreal Ecosystems. Ecology and Evolution.<\/strong> 9(18): 1\u201315.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p class=\"p4\">2. Pigeon, MacNearney, Hebblewhite, Musiani, Neufeld, Cranston, Stenhouse, Schmiegelow, Finnegan. (2020). <strong>The density of anthropogenic features explains seasonal and behaviour-based functional responses in selection of linear features by a social predator.<\/strong> Scientific Reports. (10): 1-13.<\/p><p class=\"p4\">3. Bryan*, Smits, Koren, Paquet, Wynne-Edwards, Musiani. (2015). <strong>Heavily hunted wolves have higher stress and reproductive steroids than wolves with<\/strong> <strong>lower hunting pressure.<\/strong> Functional Ecology. 29(3): 347-356.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-footer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-lower-close\" data-dismiss=\"premium-modal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tClose\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e1a320 elementor-hidden-desktop premium-modal-dismissible-yes elementor-widget elementor-widget-premium-addon-modal-box\" data-id=\"2e1a320\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;premium_modal_box_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInDown&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"premium-addon-modal-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;trigger&quot;:&quot;button&quot;,&quot;show_on_exit&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-trigger-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button data-toggle=\"premium-modal\" data-target=\"#premium-modal-2e1a320\" type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-trigger-btn premium-btn-block premium-button-none \" data-text=\"1. HUMANS  &amp; TOP PREDATOR\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"svg-inline--fab-fa-wolf-pack-battalion premium-svg-nodraw\" aria-hidden='true' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg' viewBox='0 0 512 512'><path d=\"M267.73 471.53l10.56 15.84 5.28-12.32 5.28 7V512c21.06-7.92 21.11-66.86 25.51-97.21 4.62-31.89-.88-92.81 81.37-149.11-8.88-23.61-12-49.43-2.64-80.05C421 189 447 196.21 456.43 239.73l-30.35 8.36c11.15 23 17 46.76 13.2 72.14L412 313.18l-6.16 33.43-18.47-7-8.8 33.39-19.35-7 26.39 21.11 8.8-28.15L419 364.2l7-35.63 26.39 14.52c.25-20 7-58.06-8.8-84.45l26.39 5.28c4-22.07-2.38-39.21-7.92-56.74l22.43 9.68c-.44-25.07-29.94-56.79-61.58-58.5-20.22-1.09-56.74-25.17-54.1-51.9 2-19.87 17.45-42.62 43.11-49.7-44 36.51-9.68 67.3 5.28 73.46 4.4-11.44 17.54-69.08 0-130.2-40.39 22.87-89.65 65.1-93.2 147.79l-58 38.71-3.52 93.25L369.78 220l7 7-17.59 3.52-44 38.71-15.84-5.28-28.1 49.25-3.52 119.64 21.11 15.84-32.55 15.84-32.55-15.84 21.11-15.84-3.52-119.64-28.15-49.26-15.84 5.28-44-38.71-17.58-3.51 7-7 107.33 59.82-3.52-93.25-58.06-38.71C185 65.1 135.77 22.87 95.3 0c-17.54 61.12-4.4 118.76 0 130.2 15-6.16 49.26-36.95 5.28-73.46 25.66 7.08 41.15 29.83 43.11 49.7 2.63 26.74-33.88 50.81-54.1 51.9-31.65 1.72-61.15 33.44-61.59 58.51l22.43-9.68c-5.54 17.53-11.91 34.67-7.92 56.74l26.39-5.28c-15.76 26.39-9.05 64.43-8.8 84.45l26.39-14.52 7 35.63 24.63-5.28 8.8 28.15L153.35 366 134 373l-8.8-33.43-18.47 7-6.16-33.43-27.27 7c-3.82-25.38 2-49.1 13.2-72.14l-30.35-8.36c9.4-43.52 35.47-50.77 63.34-54.1 9.36 30.62 6.24 56.45-2.64 80.05 82.25 56.3 76.75 117.23 81.37 149.11 4.4 30.35 4.45 89.29 25.51 97.21v-29.83l5.28-7 5.28 12.32 10.56-15.84 11.44 21.11 11.43-21.1zm79.17-95L331.06 366c7.47-4.36 13.76-8.42 19.35-12.32-.6 7.22-.27 13.84-3.51 22.84zm28.15-49.26c-.4 10.94-.9 21.66-1.76 31.67-7.85-1.86-15.57-3.8-21.11-7 8.24-7.94 15.55-16.32 22.87-24.68zm24.63 5.28c0-13.43-2.05-24.21-5.28-33.43a235 235 0 0 1-18.47 27.27zm3.52-80.94c19.44 12.81 27.8 33.66 29.91 56.3-12.32-4.53-24.63-9.31-36.95-10.56 5.06-12 6.65-28.14 7-45.74zm-1.76-45.74c.81 14.3 1.84 28.82 1.76 42.23 19.22-8.11 29.78-9.72 44-14.08-10.61-18.96-27.2-25.53-45.76-28.16zM165.68 376.52L181.52 366c-7.47-4.36-13.76-8.42-19.35-12.32.6 7.26.27 13.88 3.51 22.88zm-28.15-49.26c.4 10.94.9 21.66 1.76 31.67 7.85-1.86 15.57-3.8 21.11-7-8.24-7.93-15.55-16.31-22.87-24.67zm-24.64 5.28c0-13.43 2-24.21 5.28-33.43a235 235 0 0 0 18.47 27.27zm-3.52-80.94c-19.44 12.81-27.8 33.66-29.91 56.3 12.32-4.53 24.63-9.31 37-10.56-5-12-6.65-28.14-7-45.74zm1.76-45.74c-.81 14.3-1.84 28.82-1.76 42.23-19.22-8.11-29.78-9.72-44-14.08 10.63-18.95 27.23-25.52 45.76-28.15z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-button-text-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>1. HUMANS  &amp; TOP PREDATOR<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<div id=\"premium-modal-2e1a320\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal\"\n\t\t\trole=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tstyle=\"display: none\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-dialog\" data-delay-animation=\"\" data-modal-animation=\"fadeInDown animated-fast\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-wolf-pack-battalion\"><\/i>1. DIRECT AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF HUMANS ON A TOP PREDATOR\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-close-button-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-close\" data-dismiss=\"premium-modal\">&times;<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p4\">We documented habitat selection for wolves, and detected the human factors (e.g. industrial activities) influencing wolf movements and predation [1,2]. Forestry may improve habitat for primary prey of wolves (moose, deer), which then increase, incidentally increasing predation on caribou. In addition, wolves may travel more efficiently on linear features, such as roads, seismic lines or trails, especially during the winter, and therefore encounter more caribou. In some jurisdiction, wolves are then controlled by government authorities to alleviate impacts on endangered caribou, with additional impacts including mortality and stress [3].<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p class=\"p4\">1. Muhly*, Johnson, Hebblewhite, Neilson, Fortin, Fryxell, Latham, Arienti, McLoughlin , Merrill , Paquet, Patterson, Schmiegelow , Scurrah, Musiani. (2019). <strong>Functional Response of Wolves to Human Development across Boreal Ecosystems. Ecology and Evolution.<\/strong> 9(18): 1\u201315.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p class=\"p4\">2. Pigeon, MacNearney, Hebblewhite, Musiani, Neufeld, Cranston, Stenhouse, Schmiegelow, Finnegan. (2020). <strong>The density of anthropogenic features explains seasonal and behaviour-based functional responses in selection of linear features by a social predator.<\/strong> Scientific Reports. (10): 1-13.<\/p><p class=\"p4\">3. Bryan*, Smits, Koren, Paquet, Wynne-Edwards, Musiani. (2015). <strong>Heavily hunted wolves have higher stress and reproductive steroids than wolves with<\/strong> <strong>lower hunting pressure.<\/strong> Functional Ecology. 29(3): 347-356.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-footer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-lower-close\" data-dismiss=\"premium-modal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tClose\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0224314\" data-id=\"0224314\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-745cb60 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"745cb60\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c7120d elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-phone premium-modal-dismissible-yes elementor-widget elementor-widget-premium-addon-modal-box\" data-id=\"1c7120d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;premium_modal_box_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInDown&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"premium-addon-modal-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;trigger&quot;:&quot;button&quot;,&quot;show_on_exit&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-trigger-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button data-toggle=\"premium-modal\" data-target=\"#premium-modal-1c7120d\" type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-trigger-btn premium-btn-block premium-button-none \" data-text=\"2. CONSERVATION GENETICS OF WESTERN CARIBOU\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"svg-inline--fas-fa-dna premium-svg-nodraw\" aria-hidden='true' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg' viewBox='0 0 448 512'><path d=\"M.1 494.1c-1.1 9.5 6.3 17.8 15.9 17.8l32.3.1c8.1 0 14.9-5.9 16-13.9.7-4.9 1.8-11.1 3.4-18.1H380c1.6 6.9 2.9 13.2 3.5 18.1 1.1 8 7.9 14 16 13.9l32.3-.1c9.6 0 17.1-8.3 15.9-17.8-4.6-37.9-25.6-129-118.9-207.7-17.6 12.4-37.1 24.2-58.5 35.4 6.2 4.6 11.4 9.4 17 14.2H159.7c21.3-18.1 47-35.6 78.7-51.4C410.5 199.1 442.1 65.8 447.9 17.9 449 8.4 441.6.1 432 .1L399.6 0c-8.1 0-14.9 5.9-16 13.9-.7 4.9-1.8 11.1-3.4 18.1H67.8c-1.6-7-2.7-13.1-3.4-18.1-1.1-8-7.9-14-16-13.9L16.1.1C6.5.1-1 8.4.1 17.9 5.3 60.8 31.4 171.8 160 256 31.5 340.2 5.3 451.2.1 494.1zM224 219.6c-25.1-13.7-46.4-28.4-64.3-43.6h128.5c-17.8 15.2-39.1 30-64.2 43.6zM355.1 96c-5.8 10.4-12.8 21.1-21 32H114c-8.3-10.9-15.3-21.6-21-32h262.1zM92.9 416c5.8-10.4 12.8-21.1 21-32h219.4c8.3 10.9 15.4 21.6 21.2 32H92.9z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-button-text-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>2. CONSERVATION GENETICS OF WESTERN CARIBOU<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<div id=\"premium-modal-1c7120d\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal\"\n\t\t\trole=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tstyle=\"display: none\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-dialog\" data-delay-animation=\"\" data-modal-animation=\"fadeInDown animated-fast\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dna\"><\/i>Caribou Evolutionary Biology, Conservation Genetics &amp; Planning\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-close-button-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-close\" data-dismiss=\"premium-modal\">&times;<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p1\">The discovery of associations between regions of DNA (neutral and non-neutral) and ecological traits of caribou allowed us to define Evolutionarily Significant Units in the caribou, which inhabit the Canadian Rockies\/Western Canada [1, 2]. Finding these patterns may not be exclusive to caribou populations, but may also be found in behaviourally bimodal populations of other animals and plants [2]. We then found that human impacted habitats not only promote the isolation of caribou populations, but also facilitate wolf predation of these animals, which affect the structure of caribou population [3].<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><ol class=\"ul1\"><li class=\"li1\">Weckworth*, Hebblewhite, Mariani, Musiani. (2018). <strong>Lines on a map: conservation units, meta-population dynamics and recovery of woodland caribou in Canada.<\/strong> Ecosphere. 9(7)(e02323)<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/li><li class=\"li1\">Cavedon*, Goubili*, Heppenheimer, vonHoldt, Mariani, Hebblewhite, Hegel, Hervieux, Serrouya, Steenweg, Weckworth*, Musiani. (2019). <strong>Genomics, environment and balancing selection in behaviorally bimodal populations: the caribou case. <\/strong>Molecular Ecology.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li class=\"li1\">Gubili*; Mariani; Weckworth*; Galpern; McDevitt*; Hebblewhite; Nickel; Musiani. (2017).<strong> Environmental and anthropogenic drivers of connectivity patterns: a basis for prioritizing conservation efforts for threatened populations<\/strong>. Evolutionary Applications. 10: 199-211<\/li><\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-footer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-lower-close\" data-dismiss=\"premium-modal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tClose\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-deffa3e elementor-hidden-desktop premium-modal-dismissible-yes elementor-widget elementor-widget-premium-addon-modal-box\" data-id=\"deffa3e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;premium_modal_box_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInDown&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"premium-addon-modal-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;trigger&quot;:&quot;button&quot;,&quot;show_on_exit&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-trigger-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button data-toggle=\"premium-modal\" data-target=\"#premium-modal-deffa3e\" type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-trigger-btn premium-btn-block premium-button-none \" data-text=\"2. CONSERVATION GENETICS OF CARIBOUS\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"svg-inline--fas-fa-dna premium-svg-nodraw\" aria-hidden='true' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg' viewBox='0 0 448 512'><path d=\"M.1 494.1c-1.1 9.5 6.3 17.8 15.9 17.8l32.3.1c8.1 0 14.9-5.9 16-13.9.7-4.9 1.8-11.1 3.4-18.1H380c1.6 6.9 2.9 13.2 3.5 18.1 1.1 8 7.9 14 16 13.9l32.3-.1c9.6 0 17.1-8.3 15.9-17.8-4.6-37.9-25.6-129-118.9-207.7-17.6 12.4-37.1 24.2-58.5 35.4 6.2 4.6 11.4 9.4 17 14.2H159.7c21.3-18.1 47-35.6 78.7-51.4C410.5 199.1 442.1 65.8 447.9 17.9 449 8.4 441.6.1 432 .1L399.6 0c-8.1 0-14.9 5.9-16 13.9-.7 4.9-1.8 11.1-3.4 18.1H67.8c-1.6-7-2.7-13.1-3.4-18.1-1.1-8-7.9-14-16-13.9L16.1.1C6.5.1-1 8.4.1 17.9 5.3 60.8 31.4 171.8 160 256 31.5 340.2 5.3 451.2.1 494.1zM224 219.6c-25.1-13.7-46.4-28.4-64.3-43.6h128.5c-17.8 15.2-39.1 30-64.2 43.6zM355.1 96c-5.8 10.4-12.8 21.1-21 32H114c-8.3-10.9-15.3-21.6-21-32h262.1zM92.9 416c5.8-10.4 12.8-21.1 21-32h219.4c8.3 10.9 15.4 21.6 21.2 32H92.9z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-button-text-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>2. CONSERVATION GENETICS OF CARIBOUS<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<div id=\"premium-modal-deffa3e\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal\"\n\t\t\trole=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tstyle=\"display: none\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-dialog\" data-delay-animation=\"\" data-modal-animation=\"fadeInDown animated-fast\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dna\"><\/i>Caribou Evolutionary Biology, Conservation Genetics &amp; Planning\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-close-button-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-close\" data-dismiss=\"premium-modal\">&times;<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p1\">The discovery of associations between regions of DNA (neutral and non-neutral) and ecological traits of caribou allowed us to define Evolutionarily Significant Units in the caribou, which inhabit the Canadian Rockies\/Western Canada [1, 2]. Finding these patterns may not be exclusive to caribou populations, but may also be found in behaviourally bimodal populations of other animals and plants [2]. We then found that human impacted habitats not only promote the isolation of caribou populations, but also facilitate wolf predation of these animals, which affect the structure of caribou population [3].<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><ol class=\"ul1\"><li class=\"li1\">Weckworth*, Hebblewhite, Mariani, Musiani. (2018). <strong>Lines on a map: conservation units, meta-population dynamics and recovery of woodland caribou in Canada.<\/strong> Ecosphere. 9(7)(e02323)<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/li><li class=\"li1\">Cavedon*, Goubili*, Heppenheimer, vonHoldt, Mariani, Hebblewhite, Hegel, Hervieux, Serrouya, Steenweg, Weckworth*, Musiani. (2019). <strong>Genomics, environment and balancing selection in behaviorally bimodal populations: the caribou case. <\/strong>Molecular Ecology.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li class=\"li1\">Gubili*; Mariani; Weckworth*; Galpern; McDevitt*; Hebblewhite; Nickel; Musiani. (2017).<strong> Environmental and anthropogenic drivers of connectivity patterns: a basis for prioritizing conservation efforts for threatened populations<\/strong>. Evolutionary Applications. 10: 199-211<\/li><\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-footer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-lower-close\" data-dismiss=\"premium-modal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tClose\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-4169fc5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4169fc5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-d561c91\" data-id=\"d561c91\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13ac3f0 elementor-hidden-phone premium-modal-dismissible-yes elementor-widget elementor-widget-premium-addon-modal-box\" data-id=\"13ac3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;premium_modal_box_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInDown&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"premium-addon-modal-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;trigger&quot;:&quot;button&quot;,&quot;show_on_exit&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-trigger-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button data-toggle=\"premium-modal\" data-target=\"#premium-modal-13ac3f0\" type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-trigger-btn premium-btn-block premium-button-none \" data-text=\"3. ANIMAL RESPONSE TO HUMAN LAND-USE\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"svg-inline--fas-fa-angle-double-right premium-svg-nodraw\" aria-hidden='true' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg' viewBox='0 0 448 512'><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34zm192-34l-136-136c-9.4-9.4-24.6-9.4-33.9 0l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-9.4 24.6 0 33.9l96.4 96.4-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-9.4 24.6 0 33.9l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 24.6 9.4 33.9 0l136-136c9.4-9.2 9.4-24.4 0-33.8z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-button-text-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>3. ANIMAL RESPONSE TO HUMAN LAND-USE<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<div id=\"premium-modal-13ac3f0\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal\"\n\t\t\trole=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tstyle=\"display: none\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-dialog\" data-delay-animation=\"\" data-modal-animation=\"fadeInDown animated-fast\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-wolf-pack-battalion\"><\/i>3.  \"LOSERS &amp; WINNERS\" ANIMAL RESPONSES TO HUMAN LAND-USE AND INFRASTRUCTURE \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-close-button-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-close\" data-dismiss=\"premium-modal\">&times;<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p5\"><span class=\"s1\">Using movement ecology methodologies, our research documented the ways that both predators and prey species respond to human land use and also how prey species respond to predators. We also studied the variations of reactions among different groups of animals, from dispersers to residents, and from females to males [1]. It was also shown that <\/span>predation was accurately detectable using the Global Positioning System (GPS) collars and cluster analyses. This approach enabled us to document how, in moderately developed areas, wolves and bears could travel on human-made leaner (linear) features, and hunt more efficiently as a consequence [2,3]. These studies are widely used by conservation managers, as they have indicated unintended consequences of the development <span class=\"s2\">on<\/span> predators and its increased impacts on prey. T<span class=\"s1\">hese findings also have implications <\/span>for conservation planning, since habitat requirements for animals in their core areas differ from the requirements for dispersing animals, thus, different actions are needed within core and corridors areas.<\/p><ol class=\"ol1\"><li class=\"li5\">Benz, Boyce, Thurfjell, Paton, Musiani, Dormann, Ciuti*. (2016). <strong>Dispersal ecology informs design of large- scale wildlife corridors.<\/strong> PLoS ONE. 11: e0162989. <span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li class=\"li5\">Kermish-Wells*, Massolo, Stenhouse, Larsen, Musiani. (2018). <strong>Space\u2013time clusters for early detection of grizzly bear predation.<\/strong> Ecology and evolution. 8: 382-395.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/li><li class=\"li1\">Finnegan, Pigeon, Cranston, Hebblewhite, Musiani, Neufeld, Schmiegelow, Duval, Stenhouse. (2018). <strong>Natural regeneration on seismic lines influences movement behaviour of wolves and grizzly bears.<\/strong> PloS one. 13: e0195480.<\/li><\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-footer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-lower-close\" data-dismiss=\"premium-modal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tClose\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf092df elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"cf092df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f28c9b elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet premium-modal-dismissible-yes elementor-widget elementor-widget-premium-addon-modal-box\" data-id=\"4f28c9b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;premium_modal_box_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInDown&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"premium-addon-modal-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;trigger&quot;:&quot;button&quot;,&quot;show_on_exit&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-trigger-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button data-toggle=\"premium-modal\" data-target=\"#premium-modal-4f28c9b\" type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-trigger-btn premium-btn-block premium-button-none \" data-text=\"3. ANIMAL RESPONSE TO HUMAN LAND-USE\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"svg-inline--fas-fa-angle-double-right premium-svg-nodraw\" aria-hidden='true' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg' viewBox='0 0 448 512'><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34zm192-34l-136-136c-9.4-9.4-24.6-9.4-33.9 0l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-9.4 24.6 0 33.9l96.4 96.4-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-9.4 24.6 0 33.9l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 24.6 9.4 33.9 0l136-136c9.4-9.2 9.4-24.4 0-33.8z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-button-text-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>3. ANIMAL RESPONSE TO HUMAN LAND-USE<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<div id=\"premium-modal-4f28c9b\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal\"\n\t\t\trole=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tstyle=\"display: none\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-dialog\" data-delay-animation=\"\" data-modal-animation=\"fadeInDown animated-fast\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-wolf-pack-battalion\"><\/i>3.  \"LOSERS &amp; WINNERS\" ANIMAL RESPONSES TO HUMAN LAND-USE AND INFRASTRUCTURE \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-close-button-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-close\" data-dismiss=\"premium-modal\">&times;<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p5\"><span class=\"s1\">Using movement ecology methodologies, our research documented the ways that both predators and prey species respond to human land use and also how prey species respond to predators. We also studied the variations of reactions among different groups of animals, from dispersers to residents, and from females to males [1]. It was also shown that <\/span>predation was accurately detectable using the Global Positioning System (GPS) collars and cluster analyses. This approach enabled us to document how, in moderately developed areas, wolves and bears could travel on human-made leaner (linear) features, and hunt more efficiently as a consequence [2,3]. These studies are widely used by conservation managers, as they have indicated unintended consequences of the development <span class=\"s2\">on<\/span> predators and its increased impacts on prey. T<span class=\"s1\">hese findings also have implications <\/span>for conservation planning, since habitat requirements for animals in their core areas differ from the requirements for dispersing animals, thus, different actions are needed within core and corridors areas.<\/p><ol class=\"ol1\"><li class=\"li5\">Benz, Boyce, Thurfjell, Paton, Musiani, Dormann, Ciuti*. (2016). <strong>Dispersal ecology informs design of large- scale wildlife corridors.<\/strong> PLoS ONE. 11: e0162989. <span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li class=\"li5\">Kermish-Wells*, Massolo, Stenhouse, Larsen, Musiani. (2018). <strong>Space\u2013time clusters for early detection of grizzly bear predation.<\/strong> Ecology and evolution. 8: 382-395.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/li><li class=\"li1\">Finnegan, Pigeon, Cranston, Hebblewhite, Musiani, Neufeld, Schmiegelow, Duval, Stenhouse. (2018). <strong>Natural regeneration on seismic lines influences movement behaviour of wolves and grizzly bears.<\/strong> PloS one. 13: e0195480.<\/li><\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-footer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-lower-close\" data-dismiss=\"premium-modal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tClose\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3ed8afa\" data-id=\"3ed8afa\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4aaafd7 elementor-hidden-phone premium-modal-dismissible-yes elementor-widget elementor-widget-premium-addon-modal-box\" data-id=\"4aaafd7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;premium_modal_box_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInDown&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"premium-addon-modal-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;trigger&quot;:&quot;button&quot;,&quot;show_on_exit&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-trigger-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button data-toggle=\"premium-modal\" data-target=\"#premium-modal-4aaafd7\" type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-trigger-btn premium-btn-block premium-button-none \" data-text=\"4. LIVING SYSTEMS VS CLIMATE CHANGE\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"svg-inline--far-fa-snowflake premium-svg-nodraw\" aria-hidden='true' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg' viewBox='0 0 448 512'><path d=\"M440.1 355.2l-39.2-23 34.1-9.3c8.4-2.3 13.4-11.1 11.1-19.6l-4.1-15.5c-2.2-8.5-10.9-13.6-19.3-11.3L343 298.2 271.2 256l71.9-42.2 79.7 21.7c8.4 2.3 17-2.8 19.3-11.3l4.1-15.5c2.2-8.5-2.7-17.3-11.1-19.6l-34.1-9.3 39.2-23c7.5-4.4 10.1-14.2 5.8-21.9l-7.9-13.9c-4.3-7.7-14-10.3-21.5-5.9l-39.2 23 9.1-34.7c2.2-8.5-2.7-17.3-11.1-19.6l-15.2-4.1c-8.4-2.3-17 2.8-19.3 11.3l-21.3 81-71.9 42.2v-84.5L306 70.4c6.1-6.2 6.1-16.4 0-22.6l-11.1-11.3c-6.1-6.2-16.1-6.2-22.2 0l-24.9 25.4V16c0-8.8-7-16-15.7-16h-15.7c-8.7 0-15.7 7.2-15.7 16v46.1l-24.9-25.4c-6.1-6.2-16.1-6.2-22.2 0L142.1 48c-6.1 6.2-6.1 16.4 0 22.6l58.3 59.3v84.5l-71.9-42.2-21.3-81c-2.2-8.5-10.9-13.6-19.3-11.3L72.7 84c-8.4 2.3-13.4 11.1-11.1 19.6l9.1 34.7-39.2-23c-7.5-4.4-17.1-1.8-21.5 5.9l-7.9 13.9c-4.3 7.7-1.8 17.4 5.8 21.9l39.2 23-34.1 9.1c-8.4 2.3-13.4 11.1-11.1 19.6L6 224.2c2.2 8.5 10.9 13.6 19.3 11.3l79.7-21.7 71.9 42.2-71.9 42.2-79.7-21.7c-8.4-2.3-17 2.8-19.3 11.3l-4.1 15.5c-2.2 8.5 2.7 17.3 11.1 19.6l34.1 9.3-39.2 23c-7.5 4.4-10.1 14.2-5.8 21.9L10 391c4.3 7.7 14 10.3 21.5 5.9l39.2-23-9.1 34.7c-2.2 8.5 2.7 17.3 11.1 19.6l15.2 4.1c8.4 2.3 17-2.8 19.3-11.3l21.3-81 71.9-42.2v84.5l-58.3 59.3c-6.1 6.2-6.1 16.4 0 22.6l11.1 11.3c6.1 6.2 16.1 6.2 22.2 0l24.9-25.4V496c0 8.8 7 16 15.7 16h15.7c8.7 0 15.7-7.2 15.7-16v-46.1l24.9 25.4c6.1 6.2 16.1 6.2 22.2 0l11.1-11.3c6.1-6.2 6.1-16.4 0-22.6l-58.3-59.3v-84.5l71.9 42.2 21.3 81c2.2 8.5 10.9 13.6 19.3 11.3L375 428c8.4-2.3 13.4-11.1 11.1-19.6l-9.1-34.7 39.2 23c7.5 4.4 17.1 1.8 21.5-5.9l7.9-13.9c4.6-7.5 2.1-17.3-5.5-21.7z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-button-text-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>4. LIVING SYSTEMS VS CLIMATE CHANGE<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<div id=\"premium-modal-4aaafd7\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal\"\n\t\t\trole=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tstyle=\"display: none\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-dialog\" data-delay-animation=\"\" data-modal-animation=\"fadeInDown animated-fast\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"far fa-snowflake\"><\/i>4. LIVING SYSTEMS VS CLIMATE CHANGE\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-close-button-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-close\" data-dismiss=\"premium-modal\">&times;<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p1\">4. LIVING SYSTEMS VS CLIMATE CHANGE<\/p><p class=\"p4\">Our research indicates potential effects of climate change in northern environments and demonstrated research and information gaps, especially on plants and herbivores [1].<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p class=\"p4\">1. Diepstraten*, Jessen*, Fauvelle, Musiani. (2018). <strong>Does climate change and plant phenology research neglect the arctic tundra?<\/strong>. Ecosphere. 9(9)(e02362)<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-footer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-lower-close\" data-dismiss=\"premium-modal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tClose\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d3512d elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"1d3512d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d8b456 elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet premium-modal-dismissible-yes elementor-widget elementor-widget-premium-addon-modal-box\" data-id=\"2d8b456\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;premium_modal_box_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInDown&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"premium-addon-modal-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;trigger&quot;:&quot;button&quot;,&quot;show_on_exit&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-trigger-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button data-toggle=\"premium-modal\" data-target=\"#premium-modal-2d8b456\" type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-trigger-btn premium-btn-block premium-button-none \" data-text=\"4. LIVING SYSTEMS VS CLIMATE CHANGE\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"svg-inline--far-fa-snowflake premium-svg-nodraw\" aria-hidden='true' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg' viewBox='0 0 448 512'><path d=\"M440.1 355.2l-39.2-23 34.1-9.3c8.4-2.3 13.4-11.1 11.1-19.6l-4.1-15.5c-2.2-8.5-10.9-13.6-19.3-11.3L343 298.2 271.2 256l71.9-42.2 79.7 21.7c8.4 2.3 17-2.8 19.3-11.3l4.1-15.5c2.2-8.5-2.7-17.3-11.1-19.6l-34.1-9.3 39.2-23c7.5-4.4 10.1-14.2 5.8-21.9l-7.9-13.9c-4.3-7.7-14-10.3-21.5-5.9l-39.2 23 9.1-34.7c2.2-8.5-2.7-17.3-11.1-19.6l-15.2-4.1c-8.4-2.3-17 2.8-19.3 11.3l-21.3 81-71.9 42.2v-84.5L306 70.4c6.1-6.2 6.1-16.4 0-22.6l-11.1-11.3c-6.1-6.2-16.1-6.2-22.2 0l-24.9 25.4V16c0-8.8-7-16-15.7-16h-15.7c-8.7 0-15.7 7.2-15.7 16v46.1l-24.9-25.4c-6.1-6.2-16.1-6.2-22.2 0L142.1 48c-6.1 6.2-6.1 16.4 0 22.6l58.3 59.3v84.5l-71.9-42.2-21.3-81c-2.2-8.5-10.9-13.6-19.3-11.3L72.7 84c-8.4 2.3-13.4 11.1-11.1 19.6l9.1 34.7-39.2-23c-7.5-4.4-17.1-1.8-21.5 5.9l-7.9 13.9c-4.3 7.7-1.8 17.4 5.8 21.9l39.2 23-34.1 9.1c-8.4 2.3-13.4 11.1-11.1 19.6L6 224.2c2.2 8.5 10.9 13.6 19.3 11.3l79.7-21.7 71.9 42.2-71.9 42.2-79.7-21.7c-8.4-2.3-17 2.8-19.3 11.3l-4.1 15.5c-2.2 8.5 2.7 17.3 11.1 19.6l34.1 9.3-39.2 23c-7.5 4.4-10.1 14.2-5.8 21.9L10 391c4.3 7.7 14 10.3 21.5 5.9l39.2-23-9.1 34.7c-2.2 8.5 2.7 17.3 11.1 19.6l15.2 4.1c8.4 2.3 17-2.8 19.3-11.3l21.3-81 71.9-42.2v84.5l-58.3 59.3c-6.1 6.2-6.1 16.4 0 22.6l11.1 11.3c6.1 6.2 16.1 6.2 22.2 0l24.9-25.4V496c0 8.8 7 16 15.7 16h15.7c8.7 0 15.7-7.2 15.7-16v-46.1l24.9 25.4c6.1 6.2 16.1 6.2 22.2 0l11.1-11.3c6.1-6.2 6.1-16.4 0-22.6l-58.3-59.3v-84.5l71.9 42.2 21.3 81c2.2 8.5 10.9 13.6 19.3 11.3L375 428c8.4-2.3 13.4-11.1 11.1-19.6l-9.1-34.7 39.2 23c7.5 4.4 17.1 1.8 21.5-5.9l7.9-13.9c4.6-7.5 2.1-17.3-5.5-21.7z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-button-text-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>4. LIVING SYSTEMS VS CLIMATE CHANGE<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<div id=\"premium-modal-2d8b456\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal\"\n\t\t\trole=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tstyle=\"display: none\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-dialog\" data-delay-animation=\"\" data-modal-animation=\"fadeInDown animated-fast\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"far fa-snowflake\"><\/i>4. LIVING SYSTEMS VS CLIMATE CHANGE\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-close-button-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-close\" data-dismiss=\"premium-modal\">&times;<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p1\">4. LIVING SYSTEMS VS CLIMATE CHANGE<\/p><p class=\"p4\">Our research indicates potential effects of climate change in northern environments and demonstrated research and information gaps, especially on plants and herbivores [1].<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p class=\"p4\">1. Diepstraten*, Jessen*, Fauvelle, Musiani. (2018). <strong>Does climate change and plant phenology research neglect the arctic tundra?<\/strong>. Ecosphere. 9(9)(e02362)<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-footer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-lower-close\" data-dismiss=\"premium-modal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tClose\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-225840e\" data-id=\"225840e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43515af elementor-hidden-phone premium-modal-dismissible-yes elementor-widget elementor-widget-premium-addon-modal-box\" data-id=\"43515af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;premium_modal_box_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInDown&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"premium-addon-modal-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;trigger&quot;:&quot;button&quot;,&quot;show_on_exit&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-trigger-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button data-toggle=\"premium-modal\" data-target=\"#premium-modal-43515af\" type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-trigger-btn premium-btn-block premium-button-none \" data-text=\"5. DISEASE ECOLOGY &amp; CONSERVATION MEDICINE\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"svg-inline--fas-fa-virus premium-svg-nodraw\" aria-hidden='true' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg' viewBox='0 0 512 512'><path d=\"M483.55,227.55H462c-50.68,0-76.07-61.27-40.23-97.11L437,115.19A28.44,28.44,0,0,0,396.8,75L381.56,90.22c-35.84,35.83-97.11,10.45-97.11-40.23V28.44a28.45,28.45,0,0,0-56.9,0V50c0,50.68-61.27,76.06-97.11,40.23L115.2,75A28.44,28.44,0,0,0,75,115.19l15.25,15.25c35.84,35.84,10.45,97.11-40.23,97.11H28.45a28.45,28.45,0,1,0,0,56.89H50c50.68,0,76.07,61.28,40.23,97.12L75,396.8A28.45,28.45,0,0,0,115.2,437l15.24-15.25c35.84-35.84,97.11-10.45,97.11,40.23v21.54a28.45,28.45,0,0,0,56.9,0V462c0-50.68,61.27-76.07,97.11-40.23L396.8,437A28.45,28.45,0,0,0,437,396.8l-15.25-15.24c-35.84-35.84-10.45-97.12,40.23-97.12h21.54a28.45,28.45,0,1,0,0-56.89ZM224,272a48,48,0,1,1,48-48A48,48,0,0,1,224,272Zm80,56a24,24,0,1,1,24-24A24,24,0,0,1,304,328Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-button-text-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>5. DISEASE ECOLOGY &amp; CONSERVATION MEDICINE<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<div id=\"premium-modal-43515af\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal\"\n\t\t\trole=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tstyle=\"display: none\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-dialog\" data-delay-animation=\"\" data-modal-animation=\"fadeInDown animated-fast\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-virus\"><\/i>5. DISEASE ECOLOGY &amp; CONSERVATION MEDICINE IN NORTH AMERICAN ECOSYSTEMS\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-close-button-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-close\" data-dismiss=\"premium-modal\">&times;<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 16px\">Our findings show that climate change is impacting ungulates like caribous, in terms of numbers and species\u2019 range shifts \u2013with demonstrated effects also on the distribution of parasites [1]. In other systems, parasites of wild ungulates might be transmitted to domestic ungulates in areas where the two overlap, due to land-use changes and encroachment of livestock in wilderness areas.<\/span><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\" style=\"font-size: 16px\">\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px\">Our research combined ecological approaches (movement monitoring with GPS) and conservation medicine to assess disease transmission risk between wildlife and livestock [2]. As an example, we documented increased occurrence of a parasite (Fascioloides magna) as a consequence of elk migration and commingling with beef cattle [3].<\/span><\/p><ol class=\"ol1\"><li class=\"li1\">Verocai, Hoberg , Simard , Beckmen , Musiani , Wasser , Cuyler , Manseau , Chaudhry , Kashivakura , Gilleard. (2020). <b>The biogeography of the caribou lungworm, Varestrongylus eleguneniensis (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae) across northern North America.<\/b> International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife. (11): 93-102.<\/li><li class=\"li1\">Pruvot, Musiani, Boyce, Kutz, Orsel. (2020). <b>Integrating Livestock Management and Telemetry Data to Quantify Interactions between Wildlife and Livestock. <\/b>Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 174(104846)<\/li><li class=\"li1\">Pruvot, Lejeune, Kutz, Hutchins, Musiani, Massolo, Orsel. (2016). <b>Better Alone or in Ill Company? The Effect of Migration and Inter-Species Comingling on Fascioloides magna Infection in Elk. <\/b>PloS one. 11: e0159319.<\/li><\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-footer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-lower-close\" data-dismiss=\"premium-modal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tClose\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-879b33c elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"879b33c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73fde8d elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet premium-modal-dismissible-yes elementor-widget elementor-widget-premium-addon-modal-box\" data-id=\"73fde8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;premium_modal_box_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInDown&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"premium-addon-modal-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;trigger&quot;:&quot;button&quot;,&quot;show_on_exit&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-trigger-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button data-toggle=\"premium-modal\" data-target=\"#premium-modal-73fde8d\" type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-trigger-btn premium-btn-block premium-button-none \" data-text=\"5. DISEASE ECOLOGY &amp; CONSERVATION MEDICINE\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"svg-inline--fas-fa-virus premium-svg-nodraw\" aria-hidden='true' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg' viewBox='0 0 512 512'><path d=\"M483.55,227.55H462c-50.68,0-76.07-61.27-40.23-97.11L437,115.19A28.44,28.44,0,0,0,396.8,75L381.56,90.22c-35.84,35.83-97.11,10.45-97.11-40.23V28.44a28.45,28.45,0,0,0-56.9,0V50c0,50.68-61.27,76.06-97.11,40.23L115.2,75A28.44,28.44,0,0,0,75,115.19l15.25,15.25c35.84,35.84,10.45,97.11-40.23,97.11H28.45a28.45,28.45,0,1,0,0,56.89H50c50.68,0,76.07,61.28,40.23,97.12L75,396.8A28.45,28.45,0,0,0,115.2,437l15.24-15.25c35.84-35.84,97.11-10.45,97.11,40.23v21.54a28.45,28.45,0,0,0,56.9,0V462c0-50.68,61.27-76.07,97.11-40.23L396.8,437A28.45,28.45,0,0,0,437,396.8l-15.25-15.24c-35.84-35.84-10.45-97.12,40.23-97.12h21.54a28.45,28.45,0,1,0,0-56.89ZM224,272a48,48,0,1,1,48-48A48,48,0,0,1,224,272Zm80,56a24,24,0,1,1,24-24A24,24,0,0,1,304,328Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-button-text-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>5. DISEASE ECOLOGY &amp; CONSERVATION MEDICINE<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<div id=\"premium-modal-73fde8d\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal\"\n\t\t\trole=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tstyle=\"display: none\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-dialog\" data-delay-animation=\"\" data-modal-animation=\"fadeInDown animated-fast\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-virus\"><\/i>5. DISEASE ECOLOGY &amp; CONSERVATION MEDICINE IN NORTH AMERICAN ECOSYSTEMS\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-close-button-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-close\" data-dismiss=\"premium-modal\">&times;<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 16px\">Our findings show that climate change is impacting ungulates like caribous, in terms of numbers and species\u2019 range shifts \u2013with demonstrated effects also on the distribution of parasites [1]. In other systems, parasites of wild ungulates might be transmitted to domestic ungulates in areas where the two overlap, due to land-use changes and encroachment of livestock in wilderness areas.<\/span><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\" style=\"font-size: 16px\">\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px\">Our research combined ecological approaches (movement monitoring with GPS) and conservation medicine to assess disease transmission risk between wildlife and livestock [2]. As an example, we documented increased occurrence of a parasite (Fascioloides magna) as a consequence of elk migration and commingling with beef cattle [3].<\/span><\/p><ol class=\"ol1\"><li class=\"li1\">Verocai, Hoberg , Simard , Beckmen , Musiani , Wasser , Cuyler , Manseau , Chaudhry , Kashivakura , Gilleard. (2020). <b>The biogeography of the caribou lungworm, Varestrongylus eleguneniensis (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae) across northern North America.<\/b> International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife. (11): 93-102.<\/li><li class=\"li1\">Pruvot, Musiani, Boyce, Kutz, Orsel. (2020). <b>Integrating Livestock Management and Telemetry Data to Quantify Interactions between Wildlife and Livestock. <\/b>Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 174(104846)<\/li><li class=\"li1\">Pruvot, Lejeune, Kutz, Hutchins, Musiani, Massolo, Orsel. (2016). <b>Better Alone or in Ill Company? The Effect of Migration and Inter-Species Comingling on Fascioloides magna Infection in Elk. <\/b>PloS one. 11: e0159319.<\/li><\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-footer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"premium-modal-box-modal-lower-close\" data-dismiss=\"premium-modal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tClose\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f9c3a50 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f9c3a50\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-46347588\" data-id=\"46347588\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f68e5a3 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6f68e5a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">Active projects<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-116a6746 elementor-align-justify elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-mobile__width-inherit elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"116a6746\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/wpsites.ucalgary.ca\/musiani-lab\/projects\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">learn more<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-21c99237 elementor-align-right elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-mobile-align-justify elementor-widget-mobile__width-inherit elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"21c99237\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/wpsites.ucalgary.ca\/musiani-lab\/researchers\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">researchers<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7c15fed1\" data-id=\"7c15fed1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b7768b9 elementor-pagination-position-outside elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-carousel\" data-id=\"1b7768b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;slides_to_show&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;dots&quot;,&quot;effect&quot;:&quot;fade&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:&quot;800&quot;,&quot;slides_to_show_tablet&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:&quot;2000&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image-carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel-wrapper swiper\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"Image Carousel\" dir=\"ltr\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel swiper-wrapper\" aria-live=\"off\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"1 of 7\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/wpsites.ucalgary.ca\/musiani-lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/108\/2021\/07\/alaskan-gray-wolf-MMYMLDY-min-3-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"alaskan-gray-wolf-MMYMLDY-min-3-scaled.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"2 of 7\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/wpsites.ucalgary.ca\/musiani-lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/108\/2021\/07\/bull-elks-45759ER-min-1-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"bull-elks-45759ER-min-1.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 2560px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 2560\/1707;\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"3 of 7\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/wpsites.ucalgary.ca\/musiani-lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/108\/2021\/07\/elk-F528RP4-min-scaled-2.jpg\" alt=\"elk-F528RP4-min-scaled.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 2560px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 2560\/1707;\" 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alt=\"two-wolves-in-the-snow-P9QKMFV-min-scaled.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 2560px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 2560\/1707;\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"6 of 7\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/wpsites.ucalgary.ca\/musiani-lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/108\/2021\/07\/caribou-arctic-national-wildlife-refuge-alaska-usa-3ATCEJG-min-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"caribou-arctic-national-wildlife-refuge-alaska-usa-3ATCEJG-min-scaled.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 2560px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 2560\/1707;\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"7 of 7\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/wpsites.ucalgary.ca\/musiani-lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/108\/2021\/07\/bull-elk-WZ9FG85-min-2-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"bull-elk-WZ9FG85-min.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 2560px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 2560\/1707;\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-pagination\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-62cbba6 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-background-fix elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"62cbba6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;shape_divider_top&quot;:&quot;wave-brush&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shape elementor-shape-top\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-negative=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 283.5 27.8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\">\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" d=\"M283.5,9.7c0,0-7.3,4.3-14,4.6c-6.8,0.3-12.6,0-20.9-1.5c-11.3-2-33.1-10.1-44.7-5.7\ts-12.1,4.6-18,7.4c-6.6,3.2-20,9.6-36.6,9.3C131.6,23.5,99.5,7.2,86.3,8c-1.4,0.1-6.6,0.8-10.5,2c-3.8,1.2-9.4,3.8-17,4.7\tc-3.2,0.4-8.3,1.1-14.2,0.9c-1.5-0.1-6.3-0.4-12-1.6c-5.7-1.2-11-3.1-15.8-3.7C6.5,9.2,0,10.8,0,10.8V0h283.5V9.7z 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d=\"M201,10.6c0-0.1-4.4,1.2-6.3,2.2c-1.9,0.9-6.2,3.1-6.1,3.1c0.1,0.1,4.2-1.6,6.3-2.6\tS201,10.7,201,10.6z\"\/>\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" d=\"M154.5,26.7c-0.1-0.1-4.6,0.3-7.2,0c-7.3-0.7-17-3.2-16.6-2.9c0.4,0.3,13.7,3.1,17,3.3\tC152.6,27.5,154.6,26.8,154.5,26.7z\"\/>\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" d=\"M41.9,19.3c0,0,1.2-0.3,2.9-0.1c1.7,0.2,5.8,0.9,8.2,0.7c4.2-0.4,7.4-2.7,7-2.6\tc-0.4,0-4.3,2.2-8.6,1.9c-1.8-0.1-5.1-0.5-6.7-0.4S41.9,19.3,41.9,19.3z\"\/>\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" d=\"M75.5,12.6c0.2,0.1,2-0.8,4.3-1.1c2.3-0.2,2.1-0.3,2.1-0.5c0-0.1-1.8-0.4-3.4,0\tC76.9,11.5,75.3,12.5,75.5,12.6z\"\/>\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" d=\"M15.6,13.2c0-0.1,4.3,0,6.7,0.5c2.4,0.5,5,1.9,5,2c0,0.1-2.7-0.8-5.1-1.4\tC19.9,13.7,15.7,13.3,15.6,13.2z\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6a10aef4\" data-id=\"6a10aef4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1bf9f4 elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"c1bf9f4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-5ea912d3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5ea912d3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1c766206\" data-id=\"1c766206\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d4c95d2 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d4c95d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Marco Musiani Lab<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6ed263 elementor-widget elementor-widget-counter\" data-id=\"b6ed263\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"counter.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-counter\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-counter-title\">Wildlife Ecology  Research Group<\/div>\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-counter-number-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-counter-number-prefix\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-counter-number\" data-duration=\"2000\" data-to-value=\"1\" data-from-value=\"\" data-delimiter=\",\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-counter-number-suffix\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-cf9abf5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cf9abf5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-72449ceb\" data-id=\"72449ceb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16d087c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-counter\" data-id=\"16d087c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"counter.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-counter\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-counter-title\">Researchers<\/div>\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-counter-number-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-counter-number-prefix\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-counter-number\" data-duration=\"2000\" data-to-value=\"32\" data-from-value=\"1\" data-delimiter=\",\">1<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-counter-number-suffix\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5718dda1\" data-id=\"5718dda1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df0ccb1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-counter\" data-id=\"df0ccb1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"counter.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-counter\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-counter-title\">Projects Funded<\/div>\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-counter-number-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-counter-number-prefix\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-counter-number\" data-duration=\"2000\" data-to-value=\"24\" data-from-value=\"1\" data-delimiter=\",\">1<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-counter-number-suffix\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-68bfc01c\" data-id=\"68bfc01c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3837d48 elementor-widget elementor-widget-counter\" data-id=\"3837d48\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"counter.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-counter\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-counter-title\">conservation partners<\/div>\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-counter-number-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-counter-number-prefix\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-counter-number\" data-duration=\"2000\" data-to-value=\"17\" data-from-value=\"1\" data-delimiter=\",\">1<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-counter-number-suffix\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1252d63f elementor-align-justify elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"1252d63f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/wpsites.ucalgary.ca\/musiani-lab\/projects\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Projects<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>About us We conduct research on the ecology and evolutionary biology of terrestrial large mammals in western North American landscapes. RESEARCHERS PROJECTS Our contributions Our contributions 1. HUMANS &amp; TOP PREDATOR 1. DIRECT AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF HUMANS ON A TOP PREDATOR &times; We documented habitat selection for wolves, and detected the human factors (e.g. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":217,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-500","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"featured_image_src":null,"featured_image_src_square":null,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpsites.ucalgary.ca\/musiani-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/500","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpsites.ucalgary.ca\/musiani-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpsites.ucalgary.ca\/musiani-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpsites.ucalgary.ca\/musiani-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/217"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpsites.ucalgary.ca\/musiani-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=500"}],"version-history":[{"count":95,"href":"https:\/\/wpsites.ucalgary.ca\/musiani-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/500\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1106,"href":"https:\/\/wpsites.ucalgary.ca\/musiani-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/500\/revisions\/1106"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpsites.ucalgary.ca\/musiani-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=500"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}